Method of treating hair with a concentrated conditioner

ABSTRACT

A method of treating the hair including providing a pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition. The pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition includes one or more silicones, perfume, and from about 2% to about 10% high melting point fatty compounds. The method also includes applying the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition the hair; and rinsing the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition from the hair. The pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition has a density of from about 0.15 g/cm 3  to about 0.75 g/cm 3  when dispensed from the aerosol foam dispenser.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Described herein is a method of treating hair with a concentratedpre-aerated hair conditioning composition.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Today's hair conditioners almost universally comprise high levels ofhigh melting point fatty compounds, the most common of which are C16 toC18 fatty alcohols. These high melting point fatty compounds areemployed as structuring agents wherein they are combined with one ormore surfactants and an aqueous carrier to form a gel network. The gelnetwork provides a viscous and high yield point rheology whichfacilitates the dispensing of the conditioner from a bottle or tube andthe subsequent distribution and spreading of the product through thehair by the consumer. The gel network structuring also enablesincorporation of silicones, perfumes and oils in the form of anoil-in-water emulsion that is phase stable. These silicones and oils areintended to be deposited on the hair to provide the primary hairconditioning benefits including wet and dry combing friction reductionand hair manageability etc.

However, today's gel network hair conditioners lead to excessiveco-deposits of the high melting point fatty compound on the hair overmultiple cycles. Additionally, the deposited high melting point fattycompounds build-up on hair over multiple cycles and lead to significantwaxy build-up on hair and hair weigh down. Indeed, one of the majorconsumer complaints with hair conditioners is waxy residue which makeshair look greasy or feel heavy. Many current gel network hairconditioners deposit up to 10 times more high melting point fattycompounds (fatty alcohols) than silicone or oil after approximately 10treatment cycles in technical testing. While not being bound to theory,this is hypothesized to be due to the ˜10× greater concentration of highmelting point weight fatty compounds in the product relative to thesilicone or oil. Importantly, such a high level of melting point fattycompounds (fatty alcohols) is required to produce a shelf stable gelnetwork with sufficient structuring for consumer acceptable viscosityand rheology.

Described herein is a concentrated hair care composition that enablesnew product opportunities and consumer benefits by addressing thecurrent disadvantages associated with gel network conditioners. Is hasbeen found that concentrated and ultra-low viscosity hair conditionercompositions can be delivered to the hair in a pre-aerated form. Thesenew concentrated silicone nanoemulsion compositions enable sufficientdosage from a pre-aerated delivery form while also eliminating the needfor high melting point fatty compounds or other “insoluble” structurantsthat can lead to significant co-deposits, build-up and weigh down ofhair. The net result has been a step change improvement in siliconedeposition purity versus today's rinse-off products and an improvementin technical performance benefits from such a pure and transparentdeposited silicone layer. These benefits include multicycle hairconditioning without hair weigh down, durable conditioning, reduced hairdye fade, and increased color vibrancy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Described herein is a method of treating the hair, the method comprising(1) providing a pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition, whereinthe pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition comprises (a) fromabout 5% to about 22% of one or more silicones, by weight of thepre-aerated concentrated hair care composition, wherein the particlesize of the one or more silicones is from about 1 nm to about 300 nm;(b) from about 2% to about 10% high melting point fatty compounds, byweight of the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition; (c) fromabout 0.25% to about 5% perfume, by weight of the pre-aeratedconcentrated hair care composition; and (d) from about 75% to about 95%water, and in an embodiment from about 60% to about 90% water, by weightof the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition; wherein thepre-aerated concentrated hair care composition has a silicone to highmelting point fatty compound ratio of from about 80:20 to about 30:70;and wherein the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition has asilicone to perfume ratio of from about 98:2 to about 50:50; (2)applying the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition to the hair;and (3) rinsing the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition fromthe hair; wherein the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition hasa density of from about 0.15 g/cm³ to about 0.75 g/cm³.

Also described herein is a pre-aerated concentrated hair carecomposition, the pre-aerated concentrated hair care compositioncomprising (a) from about 5% to about 22% of one or more silicones, byweight of the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition, whereinthe particle size of the one or more silicones is from about 1 nm toabout 300 nm; (b) from about 2% to about 10% high melting point fattycompounds, by weight of the pre-aerated concentrated hair carecomposition; (c) from about 0.25% to about 5% perfume, by weight of thepre-aerated concentrated hair care composition; and (d) from about 75%to about 95% water, and in an embodiment from about 60% to about 90%water, by weight of the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition;wherein the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition has asilicone to high melting point fatty compound ratio of from about 80:20to about 30:70; wherein the pre-aerated concentrated hair carecomposition has a silicone to perfume ratio of from about 98:2 to about50:50; wherein the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition has adensity of from about 0.15 g/cm³ to about 0.75 g/cm³; and wherein thepre-aerated concentrated hair care composition is rinse-off.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing outand distinctly claiming the invention, it is believed that the presentinvention will be better understood from the following description.

As used herein, the articles including “a” and “an” when used in aclaim, are understood to mean one or more of what is claimed ordescribed.

As used herein, “comprising” means that other steps and otheringredients which do not affect the end result can be added. This termencompasses the terms “consisting of” and “consisting essentially of”.

As used herein, “mixtures” is meant to include a simple combination ofmaterials and any compounds that may result from their combination.

As used herein, “molecular weight” or “M.Wt.” refers to the weightaverage molecular weight unless otherwise stated.

As used herein, the terms “include,” “includes,” and “including,” aremeant to be non-limiting and are understood to mean “comprise,”“comprises,” and “comprising,” respectively.

As used herein, the term “pre-aerated” means a hair care compositionwherein the hair care composition comprises a portion of its volume inair and has a density of from about 0.15 g/cm³ to about 0.75 g/cm³.

As used herein, the term “concentrated” means a hair care compositioncomprising from about 5% to about 22% of one or more silicones, byweight of the hair care composition.

As used herein, the term “nanoemulsion” means an oil-in-water (o/w)emulsion with an average particle size ranging from about 1 nm to about100 nm. The particle size referred to herein is z-average measured bydynamic light scattering. The nanoemulsion described herein may beprepared by the following methods: (1) mechanically breaking down theemulsion droplet size; (2) spontaneously forming the emulsion (may bereferred to as a microemulsion in the literature); and (3) usingemulsion polymerization to achieve average particle size in the targetrange described herein.

All percentages, parts and ratios are based upon the total weight of thecompositions of the present invention, unless otherwise specified. Allsuch weights as they pertain to listed ingredients are based on theactive level and, therefore, do not include carriers or by-products thatmay be included in commercially available materials.

Unless otherwise noted, all component or composition levels are inreference to the active portion of that component or composition, andare exclusive of impurities, for example, residual solvents orby-products, which may be present in commercially available sources ofsuch components or compositions.

It should be understood that every maximum numerical limitation giventhroughout this specification includes every lower numerical limitation,as if such lower numerical limitations were expressly written herein.Every minimum numerical limitation given throughout this specificationwill include every higher numerical limitation, as if such highernumerical limitations were expressly written herein. Every numericalrange given throughout this specification will include every narrowernumerical range that falls within such broader numerical range, as ifsuch narrower numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.

Hair Care Composition

The method of treating the hair described herein comprises providing apre-aerated concentrated hair care composition. The pre-aeratedconcentrated hair care composition may comprise one or more silicones,perfume, and one or more fatty compounds.

A. Silicone Deposition Purity

The method of treating hair comprises applying a pre-aeratedconcentrated hair care composition to the hair. The pre-aeratedconcentrated hair care composition may comprise a silicone depositionpurity of from about 30% to about 90%, alternatively from about 40% toabout 80%, and alternatively from about 50% to about 70%, after applyingthe pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition to the hair andrinsing the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition from thehair.

Deposition Purity is determined by the ratio of silicone deposited perweight of hair to the total deposition of other ingredients per weightof hair. Silicone is determined by either extraction or digestion of thehair followed by an analysis with a quantitative elemental techniquesuch as ICP for total silicon and converting to silicone based on the %of silicon in the silicone by weight. The total deposition may bedetermined by the sum of separate deposition measurements or by a SingleInclusive Measurement of total deposition. The separate depositionmeasurements may include but are not limited to: fatty alcohols, EGDS,quaternized agents and silicone. Typically these measurements involveextracting the hair then separating the ingredients of interest withchromatography and quantifying with an externally calibration based ontest solution concentration. The Single Inclusive Measurement of totaldeposition is gravimetric. The hair is thoroughly extracted and theresidue determined by weighing the dissolved residue in the extractafter evaporating the solvent. This residue contains both depositedingredients and naturally occurring extractable compounds from the hair(primarily lipids). The naturally occurring extractable compounds arequantified and subtracted from the total. These include: fatty acids,squalene, cholesterol, ceramides, wax esters, triglycerides and sterolesters. The method of quantitation is similar to the depositionmeasurements. Other supporting evidence of Deposition Purity may includespectroscopic or topography mapping of the hair surface.

B. Silicones

The concentrated hair care composition may comprise from about 5% toabout 20%, alternatively from about 8% to about 18%, and alternativelyfrom about 10% to about 14% of one or more silicones, by weight of theconcentrated hair care composition. In a further embodiment, the haircare composition may comprise from about 3% to about 25%, alternativelyfrom about 4% to about 20%, alternatively from about 5% to about 15% ofone or more silicones, and alternatively from about 6% to about 12% byweight of the concentrated hair care composition. The particle size ofthe one or more silicones may be from about 1 nm to about 100 nm,alternatively from about 5 nm to about 80 nm, alternatively from about10 nm to about 60 nm, and alternatively from about 12 nm to about 50 nm.In a further embodiment, the particle size of the one or more siliconesmay be from about 1 nm to about 500 nm, alternatively from about 5 nm toabout 300 nm, alternatively from about 8 nm to about 200 nm, andalternatively from about 10 nm to about 100 nm.

The particle size of the one or more silicones may be measured bydynamic light scattering (DLS). A Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZEN3600 system(www.malvern.com) using He—Ne laser 633 nm may be used for themeasurement at 25° C. Prior low level centrifugation may be required onopaque formulas comprising larger insoluble structures (e.g., fattyalcohols) that would need to be isolated from the emulsion particles.The autocorrelation function may be analyzed using the ZetasizerSoftware provided by Malvern Instruments, which determines the effectivehydrodynamic radius, using the Stokes-Einstein equation:

$D = \frac{k_{B}T}{6\pi\;\eta\; R}$wherein k_(B) is the Boltzmann Constant, T is the absolute temperature,η is the viscosity of the medium, D is the mean diffusion coefficient ofthe scattering species, and R is the hydrodynamic radius of particles.

Particle size (i.e. hydrodynamic radius) may be obtained by correlatingthe observed speckle pattern that arises due to Brownian motion andsolving the Stokes-Einstein equation, which relates the particle size tothe measured diffusion constant, as is known in the art.

For each sample, 3 measurements may be made and Z-average values may bereported as the particle size. Other methods may also be employed tomeasure particle size included, but not limited to, cyro scanningelectron microscopy, cryo transmission electron microscopy, and lazerdiffraction approaches.

In an embodiment, the one or more silicones may be in the form of ananoemulsion. A nanoemulsion, as defined herein, may be an emulsionwherein the particle size is below 100 nm. The nanoemulsion may compriseany silicone suitable for application to the skin and/or hair. In oneembodiment, from about 25% to about 100% of the one or more silicones isin the form of a nanoemulsion, in another embodiment from about 50% toabout 100% of the one or more silicones is in the form of ananoemulsion, and in another embodiument from about 75% to about 100% ofthe one or more silicones is in the form of a nanoemulsion.

In an embodiment, the one or more silicones may include in theirmolecular structure polar functional groups such as Si—OH (present indimethiconols), primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, andquaternary ammonium salts. The one or more silicones may be selectedfrom the group consisting of aminosilicones, pendant quaternary ammoniumsilicones, terminal quaternary ammonium silicones, amino polyalkyleneoxide silicones, quaternary ammonium polyalkylene oxide silicones, andamino morpholino silicones.

The one or more silicones may comprise:

(a) at least one aminosilicone corresponding to formula (V):R′_(a)G_(3-a)—Si(OSiG₂)_(n)—(OSiG_(b)R′_(2-b))_(m)—O—SiG_(3-a)—R′_(a)  (I)

-   -   in which:        G is chosen from a hydrogen atom, a phenyl group, OH group, and        C₁-C₈ alkyl groups, for example methyl,        a is an integer ranging from 0 to 3, and in one embodiment a is        0,        b is chosen from 0 and 1, and in one embodiment b is 1,        m and n are numbers such that the sum (n+m) can range for        example from 1 to 2 000, such as for example from 50 to 150,        wherein n can be for example chosen from numbers ranging from 0        to 1 999, such as for example from 49 to 149, and wherein m can        be chosen from numbers ranging for example from 1 to 2 000, such        as for example from 1 to 10;        R′ is a monovalent group of formula —C_(q)H_(2q)L in which q is        a number from 2 to 8 and L is an optionally quaternized amine        group chosen from the groups:        —NR″—CH₂—CH₂—N′(R¹)₂,        —N(R″)₂,        —N⁺(R″)₃A⁻,        —N⁺H(R″)₂A⁻,        —N⁺H₂(R″)A⁻, and        —N(R″)—CH₂—CH₂—N⁺R″H₂A⁻,        in which R″ can be chosen from a hydrogen atom, phenyl groups,        benzyl groups, and saturated monovalent hydrocarbon-based        groups, such as for example an alkyl group comprising from 1 to        20 carbon atoms, and A⁻ is chosen from halide ions such as, for        example, fluoride, chloride, bromide and iodide.

In an embodiment, the one or more silicones may include thosecorresponding to formula (1) wherein a=0, G=methyl, m and n are numberssuch that the sum (n+m) can range for example from 1 to 2 000, such asfor example from 50 to 150, wherein n can be for example chosen fromnumbers ranging from 0 to 1 999, such as for example from 49 to 149, andwherein m can be chosen from numbers ranging for example from 1 to 2000, such as for example from 1 to 10; and L is —N(CH₃)₂ or —NH₂,alternatively —NH₂.

Additional said at least one aminosilicone of the invention include:

(b) pendant quaternary ammonium silicones of formula (VII):

in which:R₅ is chosen from monovalent hydrocarbon-based groups comprising from 1to 18 carbon atoms, such as C₁-C₁₈ alkyl groups and C₂-C₁₈ alkenylgroups, for example methyl;R₆ is chosen from divalent hydrocarbon-based groups, such as divalentC₁-C₁₈ alkylene groups and divalent C₁-C₁₈ alkylenoxy groups, forexample C₁-C₈ alkylenoxy groups, wherein said R₆ is bonded to the Si byway of an SiC bond;Q⁻ is an anion that can be for example chosen from halide ions, such aschloride, and organic acid salts (such as acetate);r is an average statistical value ranging from 2 to 20, such as from 2to 8;

-   s is an average statistical value ranging from 20 to 200, such as    from 20 to 50.

Such aminosilicones are described more particularly in U.S. Pat. No.4,185,087, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.

A silicone which falls within this class is the silicone sold by thecompany Union Carbide under the name “Ucar Silicone ALE 56”.

Further examples of said at least one aminosilicone include:

c) quaternary ammonium silicones of formula (VIIb):

which:groups R₇, which may be identical or different, are each chosen frommonovalent hydrocarbon-based groups comprising from 1 to 18 carbonatoms, such as C₁-C₁₈ alkyl groups, for example methyl, C₂-C₁₈ alkenylgroups, and rings comprising 5 or 6 carbon atoms;R₆ is chosen from divalent hydrocarbon-based groups, such as divalentC₁-C₁₈ alkylene groups and divalent C₁-C₁₈alkylenoxy, for example C₁-C₈,group connected to the Si by an SiC bond;R₈, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, amonovalent hydrocarbon-based group comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms,and in particular a C₁-C₁₈ alkyl group, a C₂-C₁₈ alkenyl group or agroup —R₆—NHCOR₇;X⁻ is an anion such as a halide ion, in particular chloride, or anorganic acid salt (acetate, etc.);r represents an average statistical value from 2 to 200 and inparticular from 5 to 100.Such silicones are described, for example, in application EP-A-0 530974, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.Silicones falling within this class are the silicones sold by thecompany Goldschmidt under the names Abil Quat 3270, Abil Quat 3272 andAbil Quat 3474.Further examples of said at least one aminosilicone include:d) quaternary ammonium and polyalkylene oxide siliconeswherein the quaternary nitrogen groups are located in the polysiloxanebackbone, at the termini, or both.Such silicones are described in PCT Publication No. WO 2002/010257, thedisclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.Siliciones falling within this class are the silicones sold by thecompany Momentive under the names Silsoft Q . . . .(e) Aminofunctional silicones having morpholino groups of formula (V):

in which

A denotes a structural unit (I), (II), or (III) bound via —O—

-   -   or an oligomeric or polymeric residue, bound via —O—, containing        structural units of formulas (I), (II), or (III), or half of a        connecting oxygen atom to a structural unit (III), or denotes        —OH,    -   * denotes a bond to one of the structural units (I), (II), or        (III), or denotes a terminal group B (Si-bound) or D (O-bound),    -   B denotes an —OH, —O—Si(CH₃)₃, —O—Si(CH₃)₂OH, —O—Si(CH₃)₂OCH₃        group,    -   D denotes an —H, —Si(CH₃)₃, —Si(CH₃)₂OH, —Si(CH₃)₂OCH₃ group,    -   a, b, and c denote integers between 0 and 1000, with the        provision that a+b+c>0,    -   m, n, and o denote integers between 1 and 1000.

Aminofunctional silicones of this kind bear the INCI name:Amodimethicone/Morpholinomethyl Silsesquioxane Copolymer. A particularlysuitable amodimethicone is the product having the commercial name WackerBelsil® ADM 8301E.

Examples of such silicones are available from the following suppliers:

-   -   offered by the company Dow Corning:        -   Fluids: 2-8566, AP 6087, AP 6088, DC 8040 Fluid, fluid 8822A            DC, DC 8803 & 8813 polymer, 7-6030, AP-8104, AP 8201;        -   Emulsions: CE-8170 AF Micro Emulsion, 2-8177, 2-8194            Microemulsion, 9224 Emulsion, 939, 949, 959, DC 5-7113 Quat            Microemulsion, DC 5-7070 Emulsion, DC CE-8810, CE 8401            Emulsion, CE 1619, Dow Corning Toray SS-3551, Dow Corning            Toray SS-3552;    -   offered by the company Wacker:        -   Wacker Belsil ADM 652, ADM 656, 1100, 1600, 1650 (fluids)            ADM 6060 (linear amodimethicone) emulsion; ADM 6057 E            (branched amodimethicone) emulsion; ADM 8020 VP (micro            emulsion); SLM 28040 (micro emulsion);    -   offered by the Company Momentive:        -   Silsoft 331, SF1708, SME 253 & 254 (emulsion), SM2125            (emulsion), SM 2658 (emulsion), Silsoft Q (emulsion)    -   offered by the company Shin-Etsu:        -   KF-889, KF-8675, KF-8004, X-52-2265 (emulsion);    -   offered by the Company Siltech Silicones:        -   Siltech E-2145, E-Siltech 2145-35;    -   offered by the company Evonik Industries:        -   Abil T Quat 60th

Some non-limiting examples of aminosilicones include the compoundshaving the following INCI names: Silicone Quaternium-1, SiliconeQuaternium-2, Silicone Quaternium-3, Silicone Quaternium-4, SiliconeQuaternium-5, Silicone Quaternium-6, Silicone Quaternium-7, SiliconeQuaternium-8, Silicone Quaternium-9, Silicone Quaternium-10, SiliconeQuaternium-11, Silicone Quaternium-12, Silicone Quaternium-15, SiliconeQuaternium-16, Silicone Quaternium-17, Silicone Quaternium-18, SiliconeQuaternium-20, Silicone Quaternium-21, Silicone Quaternium-22,Quaternium-80, as well as Silicone Quaternium-2 Panthenol Succinate andSilicone Quaternium-16/Glycidyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer.

In an embodiment, the aminosilicones can be supplied in the form of ananoemulsion and include MEM 9049, MEM 8177, MEM 0959, MEM 8194, SME253, and Silsoft Q.

In an embodiment, the one or more silicones may include dimethicones,and/or dimethiconols. The dimethiconols are hydroxyl terminateddimethylsilicones represented by the general chemical formulas

wherein R is an alkyl group (preferably R is methyl or ethyl, morepreferably methyl) and x is an integer up to about 500, chosen toachieve the desired molecular weight. Commercial dimethiconols typicallyare sold as mixtures with dimethicone or cyclomethicone (e.g., DowComing® 1401, 1402, and 1403 fluids).

C. Nonionic Emulsifiers

The pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition may comprise fromabout 3% to about 20%, alternatively from about 5% to about 15%, andalternatively from about 7.5% to about 12% of a nonionic emulsifier, byweight of the concentrated hair care composition. In a furtherembodiment, the concentrated hair care composition may comprise fromabout 0% to about 20%, alternatively from about 0.01% to about 20%,alternatively from about 1% to about 15%, alternatively from about 2% toabout 12%, alternatively from about 3% to about 10%, and alternativelyfrom about 4% to about 8% of a nonionic emulsifier, by weight of theconcentrated hair care composition. Nonionic emulsifiers may be broadlydefined as including compounds containing an alkylene oxide groups(hydrophilic in nature) with a hydrophobic compound, which may bealiphatic or alkyl aromatic in nature. Examples of nonionic emulsifiersinclude:

1. Alcohol ethoxylates which are condensation products of aliphaticalcohols having from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, in eitherstraight chain or branched chain configuration, with from about 2 toabout 35 moles of ethylene oxide, e.g., a coconut alcohol ethylene oxidecondensate having from about 2 to about 30 moles of ethylene oxide permole of coconut alcohol, the coconut alcohol fraction having from about10 to about 14 carbon atom.

2. The polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols, e.g., thecondensation products of the alkyl phenols having an alkyl groupcontaining from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms in either a straightchain or branched chain configuration, with ethylene oxide, the saidethylene oxide being present in amounts equal to from about 3 to about60 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol.

3. Those derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with theproduct resulting from the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine products.

4. Long chain tertiary amine oxides such as those corresponding to thefollowing general formula: R1 R2 R3 N→O wherein R1 contains an alkyl,alkenyl or monohydroxy alkyl redical of from about 8 to about 18 carbonatoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties, and from 0 to about 1glyceryl moiety, and R2 and R3 contain from about 1 to about 3 carbonatoms and from 0 to about 1 hydroxy group, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl,hydroxyethyl, or hydroxypropyl radicals (the arrow in the formularepresents a semipolar bond).

5. Long chain tertiary phosphine oxides corresponding to the followinggeneral formula: RR′R″P→O wherein R contains an alkyl, alkenyl ormonohydroxyalkyl radical ranging from about 8 to about 18 carbon atomsin chain length, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0to about 1 glyceryl moiety and R′ and R″ are each alkyl ormonohydroxyalkyl groups containing from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms.The arrow in the formula represents a semipolar bond.

6. Long chain dialkyl sulfoxides containing one short chain alkyl orhydroxy alkyl radical of from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms (usuallymethyl) and one long hydrophobic chain which include alkyl, alkenyl,hydroxy aikyl, or keto alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about20 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0to about 1 glyceryl moiety.

7. Polysorbates, e.g., sucrose esters of fatty acids. Such materials aredescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,480,616, e.g., sucrose cocoate (a mixtureof sucrose esters of a coconut acid, consisting primarily of monoesters,and sold under the tradenames GRILLOTEN LSE 87K from RITA, and CRODESTASL-40 from Croda).

8. Alkyl polysaccharide nonionic emulsifiers are disclosed in U.S. Pat.No. 4,565,647, Llenado, issued Jan. 21, 1986, having a hydrophobic groupcontaining from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about10 to about 16 carbon atoms and a polysaccharide, e.g., a polyglycoside,hydrophilic group. The polysaccharide can contain from about 1.0 toabout 10, preferably from about 1.3 to about 3, most preferably fromabout 1.3 to about 2.7 saccharide units. Any reducing saccharidecontaining 5 or 6 carbon atoms can be used, e.g., glucose, galactose andgalactosyl moieties can be substituted for the glucosyl moieties.(Optionally the hydrophobic group is attached at the 2-,3-, 4-, etc.positions thus giving a glucose or galactose as opposed to a glucosideor galactoside.) The intersaccharide bonds can be, e.g., between the oneposition of the additional saccharide units and the 2-, 3-, 4-, and/or6-positions on the preceding saccharide units. Optionally there can be apolyalkyleneoxide chain joining the hydrophobic moiety and thepolysaccharide moiety. The alkyl group preferably contains up to about 3hydroxy groups and/or the polyalkyleneoxide chain can contain up toabout 110, preferably less than 5, alkylene moieties. Suitable alkylpolysaccharides are octyl, nonyldecyl, undecyldodecyl, tridecyl,tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, and octadecyl, di-, tri-,tetra-, penta-, and hexaglucosides, galactosides, lactosides, glucoses,fructosides, fructoses and/or galactoses.

9. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) glyceryl fatty esters, as depicted by theformula RC(O)OCH2 CH(OH)CH2 (OCH2 CH2)n OH wherein n is from about 5 toabout 200, preferably from about 20 to about 100, more preferably fromabout 30 to about 85, and RC(O)— is an ester wherein R comprises analiphatic radical having from about 7 to 19 carbon atoms, preferablyfrom about 9 to 17 carbon atoms, more preferably from about 11 to 17carbon atoms, most preferably from about 11 to 14 carbon atoms. In anembodiment, the combinations of n may be from about 20 to about 100,with C12-C18, alternatively C12-C15 fatty esters, for minimized adverseeffect on foaming.

In an embodiment, the nonionic emulsifier may be a silicone emulsifier.A wide variety of silicone emulsifiers may be useful herein. Thesesilicone emulsifiers are typically organically modified siloxanes, alsoknown to those skilled in the art as silicone surfactants. Usefulsilicone emulsifiers include dimethicone copolyols. These materials arepolydimethyl siloxanes which have been modified to include polyetherside chains such as polyethylene oxide chains, polypropylene oxidechains, mixtures of these chains, and polyether chains containingmoieties derived from both ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Otherexamples include alkyl-modified dimethicone copolyols, i.e., compoundswhich contain C2-C30 pendant side chains. Still other useful dimethiconecopolyols include materials having various cationic, anionic,amphoteric, and zwitterionic pendant moieties.

In an embodiment, the nonionic emulsifier may have a hydrocarbon chainlength of from about 16 to about 20 carbon atoms and from about 20 toabout 25 moles of ethoxylate.

In an embodiment, the nonionic emulsifier may have a hydrocarbon chainlength of from about 19 to about 11 carbon atoms, alternatively fromabout 9 to about 11 carbon atoms, and from about 2 to about 4 moles ofethoxylate.

In an embodiment, the nonionic emulsifier may comprise a combination of(a) a nonionic emulsifier having a hydrocarbon chain that is branched,has a length of from about 11 to about 15 carbon atoms, and has fromabout 5 to about 9 moles of ethoxylate; and (b) a nonionic emulsifierhaving a hydrocarbon chain that has a length of from about 11 to about13 carbon atoms and has from about 9 to about 12 moles of ethoxylate.

The nanoemulsions used in this invention may be prepared by twodifferent methods: (1) mechanical, and (2) emulsion polymerization.

The first method of preparing the nanoemulsion is the mechanical methodin which the nanoemulsion is prepared via the following steps: (1) aprimary surfactant is dissolved in water, (2) a silicone is added, and atwo-phase mixture is formed, (3) with simple mixing, a co-surfactant isslowly added to the two-phase mixture, until a clear isotropicmicroemulsion of a siloxane-in-water is formed.

The second method of preparing the nanoemulsion is by emulsionpolymerization. Emulsion polymerization methods for making nanoemulsionsof polymers involve starting with polymer precursors, i.e., monomers, orreactive oligomers, which are immiscible in water; a surfactant tostabilize polymer precursor droplets in water; and a water solublepolymerization catalyst. Typically, the catalyst is a strong mineralacid such as hydrochloric acid, or a strong alkaline catalyst such assodium hydroxide. These components are added to water, the mixture isstirred, and polymerization is allowed to advance until the reaction iscomplete, or the desired degree of polymerization (DP) is reached, andan emulsion of the polymer is formed.

D. Perfume

The pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition may comprise fromabout 0.25% to about 5%, alternatively from about 0.5% to about 4%, andalternatively from about 1% to about 3% perfume, by weight of thepre-aerated concentrated hair care composition.

In an embodiment, the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition mayhave a silicone to perfume ratio of from about 95:5 to about 50:50,90:10 to 60:40, 85:15 to 70:30.

Examples of suitable perfumes may be provided in the CTFA (Cosmetic,Toiletry and Fragrance Association) 1992 International Buyers Guide,published by CFTA Publications and OPD 1993 Chemicals Buyers Directory80th Annual Edition, published by Schnell Publishing Co. A plurality ofperfume components may be present in the concentrated hair carecomposition.

E. High Melting Point Fatty Compounds

The pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition may comprise fromabout 2% to about 10% high melting point fatty compounds, alternativelyfrom about 4% to about 8% high melting point fatty compounds,alternatively from about 5% to about 7% high melting point fattycompounds, and alternatively may comprise about 6% high melting pointfatty compounds, by weight of the pre-aerated concentrated hair carecomposition. In an embodiment, the concentrated hair care compositioncomprises from about 1.75% to about 8% fatty alcohols, alternativelyfrom about 2% to about 6%, alternatively from about 2.25% to about 4%,and alternatively from about 2.5% to about 3.5%. In an embodiment, theconcentrated hair care composition comprises from about 2% to about 18%fatty alcohols, alternatively from about 4% to about 12%, alternativelyfrom about 5% to about 10%, and alternatively from about 6% to about10%. The pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition may have asilicone to high melting point fatty compounds ratio of from about 30:70to about 80:20, alternatively from about 40:60 to about 70:30, andalternatively from about 50:50 to about 70:30. In one embodiment, theconcentrated hair care composition may have a silicone to high meltingpoint fatty compound ratio of from about 40:60 to about 85:15,alternatively from about 50:50 to about 80:20, and alternatively fromabout 55:45 to about 75:25

The high melting point fatty compounds have a melting point of about 25°C. or higher, and are selected from the group consisting of fattyalcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acidderivatives, and mixtures thereof. It is understood by the artisan thatthe compounds disclosed in this section of the specification can in someinstances fall into more than one classification, e.g., some fattyalcohol derivatives can also be classified as fatty acid derivatives.However, a given classification is not intended to be a limitation onthat particular compound, but is done so for convenience ofclassification and nomenclature. Further, it is understood by theartisan that, depending on the number and position of double bonds, andlength and position of the branches, certain compounds having certainrequired carbon atoms may have a melting point of less than about 25° C.Such compounds of low melting point are not intended to be included inthis section. Nonlimiting examples of the high melting point compoundsare found in International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, FifthEdition, 1993, and CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Second Edition,1992.

The fatty alcohols described herein are those having from about 14 toabout 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 16 to about 22 carbonatoms. These fatty alcohols are saturated and can be straight orbranched chain alcohols. Nonlimiting examples of fatty alcohols includecetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.

The fatty acids useful herein are those having from about 10 to about 30carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, andmore preferably from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. These fattyacids are saturated and can be straight or branched chain acids. Alsoincluded are diacids, triacids, and other multiple acids which meet therequirements herein. Also included herein are salts of these fattyacids. Nonlimiting examples of fatty acids include lauric acid, palmiticacid, stearic acid, behenic acid, sebacic acid, and mixtures thereof.

The fatty alcohol derivatives and fatty acid derivatives useful hereininclude alkyl ethers of fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty alcohols,alkyl ethers of alkoxylated fatty alcohols, esters of fatty alcohols,fatty acid esters of compounds having esterifiable hydroxy groups,hydroxy-substituted fatty acids, and mixtures thereof. Nonlimitingexamples of fatty alcohol derivatives and fatty acid derivatives includematerials such as methyl stearyl ether; the ceteth series of compoundssuch as ceteth-1 through ceteth-45, which are ethylene glycol ethers ofcetyl alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number ofethylene glycol moieties present; the steareth series of compounds suchas steareth-1 through steareth-10, which are ethylene glycol ethers ofsteareth alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the numberof ethylene glycol moieties present; ceteareth 1 through ceteareth-10,which are the ethylene glycol ethers of ceteareth alcohol, i.e., amixture of fatty alcohols containing predominantly cetyl and stearylalcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number ofethylene glycol moieties present; C16-C30 alkyl ethers of the ceteth,steareth, and ceteareth compounds just described; polyoxyethylene ethersof behenyl alcohol; ethyl stearate, cetyl stearate, cetyl palmitate,stearyl stearate, myristyl myristate, polyoxyethylene cetyl etherstearate, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether stearate, polyoxyethylene laurylether stearate, ethyleneglycol monostearate, polyoxyethylenemonostearate, polyoxyethylene distearate, propyleneglycol monostearate,propyleneglycol distearate, trimethylolpropane distearate, sorbitanstearate, polyglyceryl stearate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryldistearate, glyceryl tristearate, and mixtures thereof.

In an embodiment, the fatty compound may be a single high melting pointcompound of high purity. Single compounds of pure fatty alcoholsselected may be selected from the group consisting of pure cetylalcohol, stearyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol. By “pure” herein, what ismeant is that the compound has a purity of at least about 90%,alternatively at least about 95%.

Commercially available high melting point fatty compounds describedherein include: cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and behenyl alcoholhaving tradenames KONOL series available from Shin Nihon Rika (Osaka,Japan), and NAA series available from NOF (Tokyo, Japan); pure behenylalcohol having tradename 1-DOCOSANOL available from WAKO (Osaka, Japan),various fatty acids having tradenames NEO-FAT available from Akzo(Chicago, Ill. USA), HYSTRENE available from Witco Corp. (Dublin, OhioUSA), and DERMA available from Vevy (Genova, Italy).

F. Cationic Surfactants

In an embodiment, the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition maycomprise 0%, alternatively from about 0.25% to about 5%, alternativelyfrom about 0.5% to about 4%, and alternatively from about 1% to about 3%cationic surfactants, by weight of the pre-aerated concentrated haircare composition.

The cationic surfactant may be a mono-long alkyl quaternized ammoniumsalt having the formula (XIII) [from WO2013148778]:

wherein one of R⁷¹, R⁷² R⁷³ a n R⁷⁴ selected from an aliphatic group offrom about 14 to about 30 carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy,polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl grouphaving up to about 30 carbon atoms; the remainder of R⁷¹, R⁷² R⁷³ andR⁷⁴ are independently selected from an aliphatic group of from about 1to about 8 carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene,alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having up to about 8carbon atoms; and X is a salt-forming anion such as those selected fromhalogen, (e.g., chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate,glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfonate, sulfate, alkylsulfate,glutamate, and alkyl sulfonate radicals. The aliphatic groups cancontain, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, ether linkages, andother groups such as amino groups. The longer chain aliphatic groups,e.g., those of about 16 carbons, or higher, can be saturated orunsaturated. Preferably, one of R⁷¹, R⁷² R⁷³ and R⁷⁴ is selected from analkyl group of from about 14 to about 30 carbon atoms, more preferablyfrom about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms, still more preferably from about16 to about 18 carbon atoms; the remainder of R⁷¹, R⁷², R⁷³, and R⁷⁴ areindependently selected from the group consisting of CH₃, C₂H₅, C₂H₄OH,CH₂C₅H₅, and mixtures thereof; and (X) is selected from the groupconsisting of Cl, Br, CH₃OSO₃, and mixtures thereof. It is believed thatsuch mono-long alkyl quatemized ammonium salts can provide improvedslippery and slick feel on wet hair.

Nonlimiting examples of such mono-long alkyl quatemized ammonium saltcationic surfactants include: behenyl trimethyl ammonium chlorideavailable, for example, with tradename Genamine KDMP from Clariant, withtradename INCROQUAT TMC-80 from Croda and ECONOL TM22 from Sanyo Kasei;stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride available, for example, withtradename CA-2450 from Nikko Chemicals; cetyl trimethyl ammoniumchloride available, for example, with tradename CA-2350 from NikkoChemicals; behenyltrimethylammonium methyl sulfate, available fromFeiXiang; hydrogenated tallow alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; stearyldimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; and stearoyl amidopropyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride.

Among them, more preferred cationic surfactants are those having ashorter alkyl group, i.e., C₁₆ alkyl group. Such cationic surfactantincludes, for example, cetyl trimethyl ammonim chloride. It is believedthat cationic surfactants having a shorter alkyl group are advantageousfor concentrated hair care silicone nanoemulsion compositions of thepresent invention comprising a cationic surfactant and with improvedshelf stability.

G. Water Miscible Solvents

The pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition described herein maycomprise from about 0.1% to about 25%, alternatively from about 0.1% toabout 20%, and alternatively from about 0.1% to about 15% of a watermiscible solvent, by weight of the pre-aerated concentrated hair carecomposition. Non-limiting examples of suitable water miscible solventsinclude polyols, copolyols, polycarboxylic acids, polyesters andalcohols.

Examples of useful polyols include, but are not limited to, glycerin,diglycerin, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, butylene glycol,pentylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol, hexanediol, polyethylene glycol (200-600), sugar alcohols such as sorbitol,manitol, lactitol and other mono- and polyhydric low molecular weightalcohols (e.g., C₂-C₈ alcohols); mono di- and oligo-saccharides such asfructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, and high fructose cornsyrup solids and ascorbic acid.

Examples of polycarboxylic acids include, but are not limited to citricacid, maleic acid, succinic acid, polyacrylic acid, and polymaleic acid.

Examples of suitable polyesters include, but are not limited to,glycerol triacetate, acetylated-monoglyceride, diethyl phthalate,triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, acetyl triethyl citrate, acetyltributyl citrate.

Examples of suitable dimethicone copolyols include, but are not limitedto, PEG-12 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-18/18 dimethicone, and PPG-12dimethicone.

Examples of suitable alcohols include, but are not limited to ethanol,n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, n-hexanoland cyclohexanol.

Other suitable water miscible solvents include, but are not limited to,alkyl and allyl phthalates; napthalates; lactates (e.g., sodium,ammonium and potassium salts); sorbeth-30; urea; lactic acid; sodiumpyrrolidone carboxylic acid (PCA); sodium hyraluronate or hyaluronicacid; soluble collagen; modified protein; monosodium L-glutamate; alpha& beta hydroxyl acids such as glycolic acid, lactic acid, citric acid,maleic acid and salicylic acid; glyceryl polymethacrylate; polymericplasticizers such as polyquaterniums; proteins and amino acids such asglutamic acid, aspartic acid, and lysine; hydrogen starch hydrolysates;other low molecular weight esters (e.g., esters of C₂-C₁₀ alcohols andacids); and any other water soluble plasticizer known to one skilled inthe art of the foods and plastics industries; and mixtures thereof.

In an embodiment, the water miscible solvents may be selected from thegroup consisting of glycerin, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, andmixtures thereof. EP 0283165 B1 discloses other suitable water misciblesolvents, including glycerol derivatives such as propoxylated glycerol.

H. Viscosity Modifiers

The pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition described herein maycomprise from about 0.1% to about 2%, alternatively from about 0.1% toabout 1%, and alternatively from about 0.1% to about 0.5% of a viscositymodifier, by weight of the pre-aerated concentrated hair carecomposition. Non-limiting examples of suitable viscosity modifiersinclude water soluble polymers, cationic water soluble polymers,

Examples of water soluble polymers include, but are not limited to (1)vegetable based polymers such as gum Arabic, tragacanth gum, galactan,guar gum, carob gum, karaya gum, carrageenan, pectin, agar, quince seed,algal colloid, starch (rice, corn, potato, or wheat), and glycyrrhizinicacid; (2) microorganism-based polymers such as xanthan gum, dextran,succinoglucan, and pullulan; and (3) animal-based polymers such ascollagen, casein, albumin, and gelatin. Examples of semi-syntheticwater-soluble polymers include (1) starch-based polymers such ascarboxymethyl starch and methylhydroxypropyl starch; (2) cellulose-basedpolymers such as methylcellulose, nitrocellulose, ethylcellulose,methylhydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, sodium cellulosesulfate, hydroxypropylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC),crystalline cellulose, and cellulose powder; and (3) alginate-basedpolymers such as sodium alginate and propylene glycol alginate. Examplesof synthetic water-soluble polymers include (1) vinyl-based polymerssuch as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl methyl ether-based polymer,polyvinylpyrrolidone, and carboxyvinyl polymer (CARBOPOL 940, CARBOPOL941; (2) polyoxyethylene-based polymers such as polyethylene glycol20,000, polyethylene glycol 6,000, and polyethylene glycol 4,000; (3)copolymer-based polymers such as a copolymer of polyoxyethylene andpolyoxypropylene, and PEG/PPG methyl ether; (4) acryl-based polymerssuch as poly(sodium acrylate), poly(ethyl acrylate), polyacrylamide,polyethylene imines, and cationic polymers. The water-swellable clayminerals are nonionic water-soluble polymers and correspond to one typeof colloid-containing aluminum silicate having a triple layer structure.More particular, as examples thereof, mention may be made of bentonite,montmorillonite, beidellite, nontronite, saponite, hectorite, aluminummagnesium silicate, and silicic anhydride.

Examples of cationic water soluble polymers include, but are not limitedto (1) quaternary nitrogen-modified polysaccharides such ascation-modified cellulose, cation-modified hydroxyethylcellulose,cation-modified guar gum, cation-modified locust bean gum, andcation-modified starch; (2) dimethyldiallylammonium chloride derivativessuch as a copolymer of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide,and poly(dimethylmethylene piperidinium chloride); (3) vinylpyrrolidonederivatives such as a salt of a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone anddimethylaminoethyl methacrylic acid, a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone andmethacrylamide propyltrimethylammonium chloride, and a copolymer ofvinylpyrrolidone and methylvinylimidazolium chloride; and (4)methacrylic acid derivatives such as a copolymer ofmethacryloylethyldimethylbetaine, methacryloylethyl trimethylammoniumchloride and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, a copolymer ofmethacryloylethyldimethylbetaine, and methacryloylethyltrimethylammonium chloride and methoxy polyethylene glycol methacrylate.

I. Viscosity

The pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition described herein mayhave a liquid phase viscosity of from about 1,000 centipoise to about50,000 centipoise, alternatively from about 5,000 centipoise to about40,000 centipoise, alternatively from about 10,000 centipoise to about30,000 centipoise, and alternatively from about 15,000 centipoise toabout 25,000 centipoise. In one embodiment, the pre-aerated concentratedhair care composition described herein may have a liquid phase viscosityof from about 5,000 centipoise to about 100,000 centipoise,alternatively from about 10,000 centipoise to about 80,000 centipoise,alternatively from about 20,000 centipoise to about 60,000 centipoise,and alternatively from about 30,000 centipoise to about 50,000centipoise.

The viscosity values may be measured employing any suitable rheometer orviscometer at 25.0° C. and at a shear rate of about 2 reciprocalseconds. The viscosities reported herein were measured using aCone/Plate. Controlled Stress Brookfield Rheometer R/S Plus, byBrookfield Engineering Laboratories, Stoughton, Mass. The cone used(Spindle C-75-1) has a diameter of 75 mm and 1° angle. The viscosity isdetermined using a steady state flow experiment at constant shear rateof 2 s⁻ and at temperature of 25.0° C. The sample size is 2.5 ml and thetotal measurement reading time is 3 minutes.

J. Optional Ingredients

The pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition described herein mayoptionally comprise one or more additional components known for use inhair care or personal care products, provided that the additionalcomponents are physically and chemically compatible with the essentialcomponents described herein, or do not otherwise unduly impair productstability, aesthetics or performance. Such optional ingredients are mosttypically those materials approved for use in cosmetics and that aredescribed in reference books such as the CTFA Cosmetic IngredientHandbook, Second Edition, The Cosmetic, Toiletries, and FragranceAssociation, Inc. 1988, 1992. Individual concentrations of suchadditional components may range from about 0.001 wt % to about 10 wt %by weight of the conditioning composition.

Emulsifiers suitable as an optional ingredient herein include mono- anddi-glycerides, fatty alcohols, polyglycerol esters, propylene glycolesters, sorbitan esters and other emulsifiers known or otherwisecommonly used to stabilized air interfaces, as for example those usedduring preparation of aerated foodstuffs such as cakes and other bakedgoods and confectionary products, or the stabilization of cosmetics suchas hair mousses.

Further non-limiting examples of such optional ingredients includepreservatives, perfumes or fragrances, cationic polymers, viscositymodifiers, coloring agents or dyes, conditioning agents, hair bleachingagents, thickeners, moisturizers, foam boosters, additional surfactantsor nonionic cosurfactants, emollients, pharmaceutical actives, vitaminsor nutrients, sunscreens, deodorants, sensates, plant extracts,nutrients, astringents, cosmetic particles, absorbent particles,adhesive particles, hair fixatives, fibers, reactive agents, skinlightening agents, skin tanning agents, anti-dandruff agents, perfumes,exfoliating agents, acids, bases, humectants, enzymes, suspendingagents, pH modifiers, hair colorants, hair perming agents, pigmentparticles, anti-acne agents, anti-microbial agents, sunscreens, tanningagents, exfoliation particles, hair growth or restorer agents, insectrepellents, shaving lotion agents, non-volatile solvents or diluents(water-soluble and water-insoluble), co-solvents or other additionalsolvents, and similar other materials.

K. Method of Aeration

The pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition described herein maybe pre-aerated by introducing gas into the formula by mechanical mixingenergy or by chemical means to form an aerated mixture. The aeration maybe accomplished by any suitable mechanical processing means, includingbut not limited to: (i) batch tank aeration via mechanical mixingincluding planetary mixers or other suitable mixing vessels; (ii)semi-continuous or continuous aerators utilized in the food industry(pressurized and non-pressurized); or (iii) spray-drying the processingmixture in order to form aerated beads or particles that can becompressed such as in a mold with heat in order to form the poroussolid.

In an embodiment, the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition maybe pre-aerated by in situ gas formation (via chemical reaction of one ormore ingredients, including formation of carbon dioxide (CO2 (g)) by aneffervescent system.

In an embodiment, the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition maybe pre-aerated within continuous pressurized aerators that areconventionally utilized within the foods industry in the production ofmarshmallows. Suitable continuous pressurized aerators include theMorton whisk (Morton Machine Co., Motherwell, Scotland), the Oakescontinuous automatic mixer (E.T. Oakes Corporation, Hauppauge, N.Y.),the Fedco Continuous Mixer (The Peerless Group, Sidney, Ohio), and thePreswhip (Hosokawa Micron Group, Osaka, Japan).

L. Packaging

In an embodiment, the pre-aerated concentrated hair care compositiondescribed herein may be stored in a jar with a closure. The jar may berigid. In an embodiment, the jar may comprise a cylindrical shape andmay comprise a wide mouth opening. The closure may be a screw-on cap, alug cap, or a snap-on cap. In an embodiment, the jar and/or closure maybe made of a material selected from the group consisting of plastic,glass, metal, and combinations thereof.

In an embodiment, the pre-aerated concentrated hair care compositiondescribed herein may be stored in a tube with a closure. The tube may besoft and/or squeezable. In an embodiment, the tube may be a cylindricalpiece with a round or oval profile. The tube and/or closure may be madeof plastic (i.e. extrusion or laminate) or metal (i.e. aluminum). In anembodiment, the tube may comprise an orifice opening that may be shapedwith or combined with a dispensing nozzle. In an embodiment, the closuremay be flip-top or threaded on.

In an embodiment, the pre-aerated concentrated hair care compositiondescribed herein may be stored in an airless pump. Airless pumps aregenerally used to pump a substance from a reservoir in essentially asingle direction without permitting the reverse flow (i.e., intake) ofair via the pump. The airless pump may be used in conjunction with aone-way valve. Airless pumps may be selected from the group consistingof diaphragm pumps, piston pumps, squeeze tubes, and vented dip tubepumps. These pumps may rely on manual actuation by a user and/or storedpotential energy (i.e., batter, spring, elastic band, elastic tube, orother elastic element).

The pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition may be dosed at aweight of from about 1 g to about 10 g, alternatively from about 1 g toabout 8 g, and alternatively from about 1 g to about 5 g. In oneembodiment, the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition is dosedat a weight of from about 1 g to about 7 g, alternatively from about 2 gto about 6 g, alternatively from about 2.5 g to about 5 g, andalternatively from about 3 g to about 4.5 g.

I. Water

The concentrated hair care composition described herein may comprisefrom about from about 50% to about 90% water, alternatively from about55% to about 85%, alternatively from about 60% to about 80%, andalternatively from about 65% to about 75%.

Method of Treating Hair

The method of treating the hair described herein comprises (1) providinga pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition, (2) applying thepre-aerated concentrated hair care composition to the hair; and (3)rinsing the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition from thehair.

EXAMPLES

The following examples illustrate the pre-aerated concentrated hair carecomposition described herein. The exemplified compositions can beprepared by conventional formulation and mixing techniques. It will beappreciated that other modifications of the present invention within theskill of those in the shampoo formulation art can be undertaken withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of this invention. All parts,percentages, and ratios herein are by weight unless otherwise specified.Some components may come from suppliers as dilute solutions. The amountstated reflects the weight percent of the active material, unlessotherwise specified.

The following are non-limiting examples of the pre-aerated concentratedhair care composition described herein.

Example 1

Raw Material Aminosilicone¹ 12.0 Perfume 3.0 CetyltrimethylammoniumChloride 2.5 Cetyl Alcohol 3.0 Stearyl Alcohol 3.0 Preservative (Kathon)0.03 Water (q.s.) Viscosity (cp) 1,522 ¹MEM 0949 (35% active) availablefrom Dow CorningMethod of Making:

Distilled water is weighed into a stainless steel beaker. The beaker isplaced in a water bath on a hot plate and with the water heated to 65-70C for about 20 minutes while mixing with overhead mixture at 100 to 150rpm. The cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol is added and with continuedheating for 5 minutes. The aminosilicone is added and with continuedmixing and heating back to 70 C+/−5 C. Cetyltrimethylammonium cholorideis then added and mixing speed is increased to 200-350 rpm due toviscosity increase. When the materials are all melted, the perfume isadded and the heating is stopped while the mixture is continued to stir.The batch is cooled to <30 C by removing the hot water from the waterbath and replacing with cold water. The Kathon is added and withcontinued stirring for ˜10 minutes. Batch is subsequently foamed to adensity of 0.5 g/cm³ using an Oakes continuous automatic mixer.

Additional Examples

The following conditioner composition examples in Tables 1-3 may beprepared by weighing distilled water and the aminosilicone emulsionsinto a stainless steel beaker. The beaker is placed in a water bath on ahot plate while mixing with overhead mixer at 100 to 150 rpm. If fattyalcohols are present in the formula, the cetyl alcohol and stearylalcohol are added and the mixture is heated to 70-75 C. Thecetyltrimethylammonium chloride or behentrimonium methosulfate is thenadded and mixing speed is increased to 250-350 rpm due to viscosityincrease. When the materials are all heated thoroughly and homogenous,the heating is stopped while the mixture is continued to stir. The batchis cooled to 35 C by removing the hot water from the water bath andreplacing with cold water. The perfume and Kathon are added and withcontinued stirring for ˜10 minutes. The batches are subsequently foamedto a density of about 0.5 g/cm³ using an Oakes continuous automaticmixer.

TABLE 1 Raw Material Ex 2 Ex 3 Ex 4 Ex 5 Aminosilicone¹ 12 12 12 12Perfume 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Cetyltrimethylammonium 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 ChlorideCetyl Alcohol 3.0 4.0 6.0 9 Stearyl Alcohol 3.0 4.0 6.0 9 Preservative(Kathon) 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 Water (q.s.) (q.s.) (q.s.) (q.s.) Weightratio of oil to high 67:33 60:40 50:50 40:60 melting point fattycompounds Viscosity (cp) 1740 5,450 12,900 33,400 ¹Silsoft 253 (20%active) nano-emulsion available from Momentive (10-20 nm)

TABLE 2 Raw Material Ex 6 Ex 7 Ex 8 Ex 9 Ex 10 Ex 11 Aminosilicone¹ 8 42 0 8 4 Aminosilicone² 4 2 4 4 Perfume 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0Behentrimonium 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 methosulfate Cetyl Alcohol 0.860.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 Stearyl Alcohol 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15Hydroxyethyl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.5 cellulose³ Citric Acid 0.020.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Benzyl Alcohol 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 DisodiumEDTA 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 Preservative 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.030.03 (Kathon) Water (q.s.) (q.s.) (q.s.) (q.s.) (q.s.) (q.s.) Weightratio of 73:27 73:27 57:43 57:43 73:27 73:27 oil to high melting pointfatty compounds Viscosity (cp) 591 756 1461 9505 6830 3202 ¹Silsoft 253(20% active) nano-emulsion available from Momentive (10-20 nm) ²Y17045(100% active) available experimentally from Momentive ³Natrosol 250HHRavailable from Ashland Chemicals.

TABLE 3 Raw Material Ex 12 Ex13 Ex 14 Ex 15 Ex 16 Ex 17 Amino 8 12 16morpholino silicone⁴ Aminosilicone⁵ 8 12 16 Perfume 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.02.0 Behentrimonium 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 methosulfate Cetyl Alcohol2.0 4.0 4.0 1.5 3.3 2.5 Stearyl Alcohol 5.0 10.0 10.0 3.75 8.25 6.3Citric Acid 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Benzyl Alcohol 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.40.4 0.4 Disodium EDTA 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 Preservative 0.030.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 (Kathon) Water (q.s.) (q.s.) (q.s.) (q.s.)(q.s.) (q.s.) Weight ratio of oil 53:47 46:54 53:47 60:40 51:49 65:35 tohigh melting point fatty compounds ⁴BELSIL ® ADM 8301 E (20% active)nano-emulsion available from Wacker (<50 nm) ⁵CE-8170 (20% active)nano-emulsion available from Dow Corning (<50 nm)

The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood asbeing strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead,unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean boththe recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding thatvalue. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean“about 40 mm.”

Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or relatedpatent or application and any patent application or patent to which thisapplication claims priority or benefit thereof, is hereby incorporatedherein by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded orotherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission thatit is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimedherein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other referenceor references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such invention.Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in thisdocument conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in adocument incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assignedto that term in this document shall govern.

While particular embodiments of the present invention have beenillustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in theart that various other changes and modifications can be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is thereforeintended to cover in the appended claims all such changes andmodifications that are within the scope of this invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of treating the hair, the methodcomprising: a. providing a pre-aerated concentrated hair carecomposition, wherein the pre-aerated concentrated hair care compositioncomprises: i. from about 8% to about 18%, by weight, of anAmodimethicone/Morpholinomethyl Silsesquioxane Copolymer; ii. from about4% to about 12%, by weight, of a fatty alcohol, wherein the fattyalcohol is a mixture of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol; iii. fromabout 2% to about 5%, by weight, of a perfume; and iv. from about 50% toabout 90%, by weight, water; v. from about 0.25% to about 5% by weightof behentrimonium methosulfate wherein the pre-aerated concentrated haircare composition has a silicone to fatty alcohol ratio of from about40:60 to about 70:30; and b. applying the pre-aerated concentrated haircare composition to the hair; and c. rinsing the pre-aeratedconcentrated hair care composition from the hair; wherein thepre-aerated concentrated hair care composition is a nanoemulsion.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the concentrated hair care compositioncomprises from about 55% to about 85% water, by weight of thepre-aerated concentrated hair care composition.
 3. The method of claim 1further comprising from about 2% to about 12% of a nonionic emulsifier,by weight of the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition.
 4. Themethod of claim 3 wherein the emulsifier is a condensation product of analiphatic alcohol having from about 8 to about 18 carbons, in eitherstraight chain or branched chain configuration, with from about 2 toabout 35 moles of ethylene oxide.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein thepre-aerated concentrated hair care composition has a dosage weight offrom about 2 g to about 7 g.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein thedensity of the pre-aerated concentrated hair care composition is fromabout 0.2 g/cm³ to about 0.7 g/cm³.